Optical design is a branch of science and engineering that focuses on the design and optimization of optical systems and components. This includes the development of lenses, mirrors, and other optical elements such as cameras, microscopes, telescopes, and lasers. Optical designers use principles of physics, mathematics, and engineering to manipulate light and create systems that can accurately control and manipulate the propagation of light to achieve specific outcomes. This field is crucial in various industries such as telecommunications, healthcare, defense, and manufacturing, where precise control and manipulation of light is necessary for the functioning of optical systems.